What should the nurse educate the pregnant woman about regarding alcohol consumption during pregnancy?

Educating pregnant women about alcohol consumption is critical due to the potential risks associated with prenatal alcohol exposure. Research has consistently shown that there is no known safe amount of alcohol during pregnancy. Alcohol can cross the placenta and affect fetal development at any stage, leading to a range of issues including fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs). These disorders can result in lifelong physical, behavioral, and cognitive impairments in the child.

Because of the severe implications of alcohol on fetal development, the best practice recommendation is complete abstinence from alcohol throughout the entirety of the pregnancy. This guideline stems from a consensus in the medical and scientific communities regarding the unpredictable nature of alcohol metabolism and its effects on individual pregnancies. Binge drinking, moderate consumption, or limited avoidance do not adequately protect the fetus from potential harm. Therefore, the emphasis on avoiding all alcohol during pregnancy is paramount to ensure the health and safety of the developing baby.