What is a common cause of postpartum hemorrhage?

A common cause of postpartum hemorrhage is uterine atony, which occurs when the uterus fails to contract effectively after delivery. The normal process of childbirth includes the uterus contracting to expel the placenta and thereby reduce the risk of significant bleeding. If the uterine muscles are relaxed or unable to contract properly, it can lead to excessive blood loss. Uterine atony is particularly concerning because it is the most frequent cause of early postpartum hemorrhage, accounting for a significant percentage of cases.

While retained placenta, coagulation disorders, and placenta accreta are also important considerations in cases of postpartum hemorrhage, uterine atony is regarded as the leading cause. Retained placenta can happen when all or part of the placenta remains in the uterus, and while this can lead to hemorrhage, it typically follows an inadequate uterine contraction. Coagulation disorders might complicate bleeding but are less common in the immediate postpartum period. Similarly, placenta accreta, although serious, is a specific condition related to abnormal placental attachment that occurs less frequently than uterine atony. Understanding the primary role of uterine atony in causing postpartum hemorrhage is crucial for effective management and intervention in the postpartum period.