A full-term male infant develops localized edema on the right side of his head. This condition is known as what?

The condition described, localized edema on the right side of the infant's head, is correctly identified as a cephalhematoma. This occurs as a result of trauma during delivery, often due to the use of forceps or significant pressure during childbirth. The edematous area corresponds to the area overlying the skull where blood collects between the bone and the periosteum, the connective tissue covering the skull.

Cephalhematomas are characterized by their localized nature and can appear several hours after birth. They typically resolve over time, often within a few weeks, as the blood is gradually reabsorbed by the body. The duration of up to 8 weeks is within the expected timeframe for this condition, making it a crucial aspect of identifying and managing the infant's condition.

Other potential conditions listed do not accurately fit the description. A subarachnoid hematoma, while serious, is more diffuse and usually associated with immediate neurological implications requiring urgent intervention. Molding refers to the normal adaptation of the skull shape during delivery and does not involve swelling or edema lasting beyond a few days. Lastly, a subdural hematoma is a more severe condition that may lead to significant complications, but it typically presents differently and involves more widespread impact than localized edema